Ventilator.



No. 747,427. PATENTED DEC. 22, 1903.

T. HOUGH.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION PIL'ED JULY 9, 1903.

no MODEL.

W/ rNssfi fl /N VEN TOR UNITED STATES Patented December 22, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS HOUGH, OF ANDERTON, NEAR OHORLEY, ENGLAND.

VENTI LATO R SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 747,427,dated December 22, 1903.

Application filed July 9, 1903. Serial No. 164,856. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS HOUGH, a subject of the King of England, anda resident of Anderton, near Chorley, in the county of Lancaster,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVentilators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to ventilators for use on lamps,railway-carriages, buildings, ships holds and rooms,chimneys, and inother similar cases where it is desired to extract gases from aninclosed or partly-ins closed space or chamber, and is particularlyadvantageous as a ventilator for paraffin or other oil or oil-gasburning lampssuch as are used on locomotives and railway-trains, cycles,motor-cars, railway-carriages, and the like, which move at a high rateof speedas in such lamps I a constant and uniform rate of ventilation orupdraft and one which is not much influenced by the rate of motionthrough the air is required. The invention,

however, is also well and advantageouslyadapted to other lamps, ashereinafter described.

The invention will be further described with the aid of the accompanyingdrawings, which show a ventilator involving my improvements.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, shown partly in section,of the ventilator; and Fig. 2 is a cross-section of it, taken at theline a; 00, Fig. l, with the internal parts shown partly broken away.

The ventilator comprises a conical end or head a at one side, having acylindrical body part b, and a similar conical end 0, with a cylindricalbody part d, over which the body portionb fits, and the part b is heldin position by headed pins or studs e, fixed in .the body part 01 andpassing through right-angle slots f in said part b, and this part b isadjustable circularly or circumferentially'on the part (1 by turningitthereon, the turning being rendered possible by the circumferentialparts of the slots f. The inner edge of the body part b fits under aring (1, fixed on the body (1. Within the body portion (1 transverse ordiagonal tubes h are provided, three being shown in the ventilatorillustrated. The mouth or ends of these tubes converge and ramify intoopenings 2' in the body d, and these openings '5 are less in area thanthe combined areas of any two of the tubes (1. This body part b isprovided with an upper opening j, which normally coincides with theupper opening t', and a side openingj opposite one of the side openings2', and is cut away below the edge or part j at the other side, and byturning it more or less on the stationary body part d, so as to coverthe openings 1 the operative areas-of these openings 11 may beregulated.

The tubes it have each an aperture 70 in them at their upper side, andround each of these holes is an inwardly-extended flange k, the objectand efiect of which is to guard against the air or wind as it flowsthrough these tubes from one end to other from passing through theseapertures in the wrong way. These holes k are in some cases adapted tobe regulated by providing over the tubes h spring-sleeves Z, by whichthey may be partially covered when desired, as when the draft producedby the ventilator is too great.

The body dis fixed onto the top 0 of the lamp in the case of itsapplication to a lamp or the fitting, whatever it may be, connected withthe chamber or space to be ventilated, and the gases moved by theventilator pass from the part 0 into the body 01 through the aperture inits lower part, below which is preferably disposed a deflecting cone orplate (1 to prevent a central column only of gas directly below theaperture 12 being drawn up into the ventilator and to prevent downdraftcaused by opening the door acting directly on the flame and putting itout.

By turning the cone a and body portion 1) round and then pulling it awayfrom the body d it will 'come off and will so give access to the tubesh' and to the interior of the ventilator for cleaning or sweeping same.

In cases where the circumstances do not permit of the use of thedeflector d andthe shape 'of the part 0 shown being employed these maybe dispensed with, and any suitable form of conduit connecting the bodyd with the space to be ventilated may be used. This will be the case, ofcourse, when the ventilator is used in connection with a chimney ofa-fireplace or a ventilating-shaft.

When the ventilator is used on a locomotive, train, vehicle, or likelamp, the axis of the cones and bodies will preferably lie at rightangles to the direction of motion.

It is found in using the lamp on locomotives or trains that practicallyno difierence in its brilliancy exists, either when the train isstanding or moving at a high velocity, and in action when it isstationary the gases from the flame below ascend through the aperture 19into the body of the ventilator, round the tubes 72., and flow mainlythrough the apertures 7c in the two upper inclined tubes h and out bythe upper hole 2'. This course of the gases is practically a directone-that is, it is without any abrupt change of direction or downwardbends to make and is equivalent to a direct chimney outflow-andconsequently when the lamp is not being moved or when the atmosphere isstill it burns as a lamp with ordinary ventilation. If, however, thelamp is moved quickly, the action is that the body portions 1) d and ofthe cone cause the air to be deflected and to flow over the holes at thetube ends and produce an indraft through the holes in these tubes andthereby the necessary updraft in the lamp.

If a strong wind be blowing and, say, blowing downward, it will pass inat the upper hole 1' and out at the two lower holes i, which will alsocause an indraft into all the tubes it through the openings 70, and itis found that no matter how the lamp may be moved or in what directionor how the wind may blow the ventilator produces a practically-constantu pdraft, and consequently a steady and uniform flame.

This ventilator has a large cooling-surface,

which prevents it getting hot, and this characteristic in connectionwith hand-lamps is very valuable.

It will be seen in a ventilator according to this invention downdraft isturned to useful account by allowing it to pass by the upper aperture 1'down through the two inclined tubes h h, and thereby causing an indraftthrough the apertures 70 into the tubes, which is discharged at thelower openings 71, and no attempt is made to baflie or impede downdraft.

Having now particularly described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A ventilator comprising a closed hollow body, having a plurality oftubes, h, extending through it at different inclinations, the ends ol'two of such tubes opening out at each end in a common opening on theoutside of the body, and each tube having within the body an opening,and said body having an opening communicating with the space or thing tobe ventilated; substantially as set forth.

2. A ventilator comprising a hollow body, having oppositely-conedportions a, c, a plurality of tubes h,'extending through the body at thelargest diameter, and opening on the outside of same, the ends of two ofsaid tubes having a common opening at said ends 2, and having openings70, within said body; substan tially as set forth.

3. A ventilator comprising a hollow body, having a plurality of tubes hextending .through it and opening on the outside of same,

the ends of two of said tubes having a common opening i at said ends,openings 7t in said tubes, and projecting rings 70 round the openings itinside said tubes; substantially as set forth.

4. A ventilator comprising a hollow body, having oppositely-conedportions a, 0, one of which is stationary, and the other movable uponsame, a plurality of tubes 72. extending through the stationary part ofthe body, and opening onto the outside of same, the ends of two of saidtubes having a common opening at said ends and openings 70 in saidtubes, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

THOMAS HOUGH.

Witnesses:

S. GOODALL, v FRANK. E. FLEETWOOD.

